RESUMO
In recent years there can be observed a growing number of cases of urolithialis, both in children and in adults. Many pathogenic mechanisms of forming stones have been recognized and there is possible profounder diagnostics. Facing increasing problem of urolithialis in children, it is necessary to seek all possible causes of the disease to prevent forming stones, relapses and its further consequences. In most cases it is possible to diagnose metabolic abnormalities, of which the most frequent is hypercalciuria (excessive excretion of calcium in urine). In children, idiopathic hypercalciuria occurs the most frequently. It is possible to diagnose different types of hypercalciuria (absorptive, renal or resorptive) and apply appropriate treatment. A CASE REPORT: We present two cases of patients with urolithialis and diagnosed renal hypercalciuria. Time of observation of the first patient was more than 6 years, of the second one - 9 years. In both cases there has been applied appropriate treatment, however it was the proper realization of the recommendations that influenced long-term results of the treatment. Even the most detailed examination cannot assure effectiveness if the patient and the parents do not have positive approach to the treatment.
